Because it does not use radiation, it can be performed in patients of all ages, including pregnant women and children.

What is a Bladder Ultrasound and what is it for?

Bladder ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of the bladder. These waves are emitted via a probe placed on the lower abdomen, allowing the physician to examine the bladder’s structure and detect potential abnormalities.

At X-Clinic, bladder ultrasounds are performed using state-of-the-art Digital High-Resolution Ultrasonography equipment, including 3D/4D technology, colour Doppler, and panoramic imaging, ensuring high diagnostic accuracy.

This test is indicated for:

• Evaluating the size and shape of the bladder;
• Observing the thickness and regularity of the bladder wall;
• Detecting stones (lithiasis) or abnormal formations;
• Measuring residual urine volume after voiding;
• Identifying signs of urinary infection or inflammation;
• Supporting the diagnosis and monitoring of urological diseases.

What is the price of a Bladder Ultrasound?

The price of a suprapubic bladder ultrasound is €50 for private patients. However, X-Clinic has the following agreements:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €6), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, other insurers;
• Health Plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, other health plans.

The final price may vary depending on the health system or insurance you wish to use.

How is the Test Performed?

Bladder ultrasound is always performed via the suprapubic route, with the patient lying comfortably on a couch.

Before the procedure, a transparent gel is applied to the lower abdomen to improve the transmission of sound waves and facilitate smooth movement of the probe. The probe is gently moved over the abdominal area, capturing real-time images of the bladder. These images are observed on a screen and interpreted immediately by the specialist.

The procedure is quick, typically lasting 10 to 20 minutes, and does not require anaesthesia or invasive preparation, apart from drinking water to fill the bladder.

What does it detect?

Bladder ultrasound provides a detailed evaluation of the bladder, identifying:

• Thickening or irregularities of the bladder wall, which may indicate inflammation or infection;
• Bladder stones (lithiasis);
• Intravesical masses, including suspicious lesions such as tumours or polyps;
• Bladder diverticula, small pockets in the bladder wall where urine may accumulate;
• Signs of inflammation or infection, even in early stages;
• Post-void residual urine, the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination.

In addition to initial diagnosis, bladder ultrasound is valuable for monitoring patients with known urological conditions and for follow-up after surgical procedures.

When is it Recommended?

Bladder ultrasound is indicated when assessment of the bladder is required. Common situations include:

• Difficulty urinating or a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying;
• Recurrent urinary infections;
• Presence of blood in the urine;
• Pain or discomfort in the pelvic region;
• Follow-up of known urological conditions;
• Suspicion of bladder stones or other abnormalities;
• Monitoring after urological surgery.
• Among other situations.

Preparation for Bladder Ultrasound

To ensure clear imaging, the bladder should be full. Recommended preparation:

• Drink approximately 1 litre of water about one hour before the exam;
• Do not urinate until the test;
• Bring any previous tests and the medical prescription, if available.

Where to do it?

Bladder ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº26 – Intermediate floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070 – 060 Lisbon – Next to Praça de Espanha)

What is a Transrectal Prostate Ultrasound and what is it used for?

A transrectal prostate ultrasound, also referred to as an endocavitary prostate ultrasound, uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to obtain real-time images of the prostate through a probe inserted into the rectum.

Because it allows closer proximity to the prostate gland, this is the ultrasound method that provides the greatest anatomical detail, making it especially useful for accurately assessing the internal structure of the prostate.

At X-Clinic, ultrasounds are performed using the latest technology, with top-of-the-range High-Resolution Digital Ultrasonography equipment, including three-dimensional technology and the option of real-time 3D visualization – 4D, Colour Doppler, and panoramic imaging.

Transrectal prostate ultrasound is frequently used to:

• Assess the size, shape, and structure of the prostate;
• Study the texture of the prostate gland and its capsule;
• Identify signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia;
• Investigate inflammatory or infectious changes, such as prostatitis;
• Detect nodules or lesions suspicious for prostate cancer;
• Assess the seminal vesicles;
• Complement the urological assessment when there is clinical or laboratory suspicion of prostatic pathology.

What is the price of a Transrectal Prostate Ultrasound?

The price of a transrectal prostate ultrasound is €60 for private patients. However, X-Clinic has agreements with the following providers:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €8), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance providers: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, other insurance providers;
• Health Plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, other health plans.

The final price varies depending on the healthcare system or insurance plan you wish to use.

How is it performed?

In a transrectal prostate ultrasound, the patient is usually positioned lying on their side with their legs bent. A thin ultrasound probe, protected and lubricated, is then carefully inserted into the rectum, allowing detailed images of the prostate and seminal vesicles to be obtained.

Through this approach, the doctor can observe the prostate anatomy more accurately, including the peripheral zone of the gland, the prostatic capsule, and any focal changes.

The examination may cause some discomfort, but it is generally not painful. It is carried out by a doctor specialised in medical imaging and usually lasts about 5 to 15 minutes, depending on the complexity of the study.

What does it detect?

A transrectal prostate ultrasound allows the identification and assessment of various changes in the prostate and adjacent structures, namely:

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia;
• Prostatitis and other inflammatory changes;
• Nodules or suspicious lesions of the prostate;
• Changes in the prostatic capsule;
• Prostatic cysts;
• Changes in the seminal vesicles, such as cysts or dilatations;
• Asymmetries or heterogeneity of the prostate gland.

This examination is particularly useful when a more detailed evaluation of the prostate is required than that obtained through the suprapubic approach, and it may support clinical decision-making regarding the need for complementary tests or urological surveillance.

In which cases is it indicated?

A transrectal prostate ultrasound may be recommended in various clinical situations, such as:

• Persistent urinary symptoms;
• Suspected benign enlargement of the prostate;
• Suspected prostatitis;
• Elevated PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination;
• Suspected prostatic lesions;
• Presence of blood in the semen;
• Male infertility assessment, including evaluation of the seminal vesicles;
• Follow-up of previously known prostatic abnormalities;
• Complementary urological assessment when suprapubic ultrasound is insufficient.

Preparation for a Transrectal Prostate Ultrasound

Before a transrectal prostate ultrasound, you should perform rectal cleansing with a micro-enema, according to medical advice, to facilitate the procedure and improve the quality of the examination.

As a rule, fasting is not necessary.

Whenever possible, bring previous tests (ultrasounds, laboratory analyses and/or medical reports) and the medical prescription.

Where can it be done?

A transrectal prostate ultrasound can be carried out at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº26 – Intermediate floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – Near Praça de Espanha).

At X-Clinic, this exam is performed by specialist imaging doctors, using high-resolution technology and with a strong focus on patient comfort.

What is a Scrotal / Testicular Ultrasound and what is it for?

Scrotal ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to assess the testicular and scrotal structures, without the use of radiation.

It is used to evaluate anatomical changes, identify lesions, inflammation or masses, and investigate symptoms such as pain, swelling or palpable abnormalities. It is often the first imaging exam requested in the assessment of testicular conditions.

How much is does a Scrotal Ultrasound cost?

The price of a scrotal ultrasound is €60 on a private basis. X-Clinic also has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €8), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, among others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, among others.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a scrotal ultrasound, the protocol price is €32.

The final price may vary depending on the healthcare system or insurance used.

How is it performed?

During the scrotal ultrasound exam, the patient lies comfortably on an examination table in a dimly lit room to facilitate image visualisation.

A transparent gel is then applied to the skin of the scrotum, improving ultrasound transmission and allowing smooth movement of the probe.

The doctor moves the probe over the scrotal region to assess the testicles and adjacent structures, while images are viewed in real time on a monitor and interpreted by an imaging specialist.

The exam usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes, depending on the purpose of the study and the complexity of the assessment.

What does it detect?

Scrotal / testicular ultrasound can identify several conditions, including:

• Varicocele;
• Hydrocele;
• Epididymitis and orchitis;
• Testicular nodules or masses;
• Cysts;
• Testicular torsion;
• Traumatic changes;
• Abnormalities associated with male fertility (in an appropriate clinical context).

In which cases is it indicated?

This exam is commonly requested in situations such as:

• Testicular or scrotal pain;
• Scrotal swelling or enlargement;
• Presence of nodules or areas of hardening;
• Suspected infection or inflammation;
• Trauma to the testicular region;
• Male infertility assessment;
• Follow-up of previously diagnosed conditions.

Preparing for a Scrotal / Testicular Ultrasound

Scrotal / testicular ultrasound does not require any specific preparation.

The following recommendations apply:

• Wear comfortable clothing;
• Bring previous exams (ultrasounds, laboratory tests or medical reports), if available;
• Bring the exam referral, when applicable.

Where to have it done?

A scrotal / testicular ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

What is a Salivary Glands Ultrasound and what is it for?

Salivary glands ultrasound is a non-invasive exam that allows assessment of the morphology and structure of the glands responsible for saliva production. It is often used as a first-line imaging exam in the investigation of gland enlargement, pain, inflammation or functional changes.

This exam helps the doctor distinguish between benign conditions and situations that require further investigation, guiding diagnosis and treatment more accurately.

How much is does a Salivary Glands Ultrasound cost?

The price of salivary glands ultrasound is €60 on a private basis. X-Clinic also has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €7), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, among others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, among others.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a salivary glands ultrasound, the protocol price is €32.

The final price may vary depending on the healthcare system or insurance used.

How is it performed?

During the ultrasound, the patient lies on an examination table in a dimly lit room, making it easier to visualise the images on the screen.

The doctor applies a transparent gel to the neck and facial region, allowing proper transmission of sound waves. The probe is gently moved over the skin to assess the salivary glands in detail.

Images are viewed in real time and interpreted by an imaging specialist. The exam usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes, depending on the glands being assessed.

What does it detect?

Salivary glands ultrasound can identify, among other conditions:

• Inflammation (sialadenitis);
• Salivary stones (sialolithiasis);
• Cysts;
• Benign or suspicious tumours;
• Gland enlargement;
• Structural changes associated with autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren’s syndrome.

In which cases is it indicated?

This exam is commonly requested when there is:

• Persistent swelling or pain in the face or neck;
• Sensation of dry mouth or reduced saliva production;
• Suspected infection or inflammation of the salivary glands;
• Palpable nodules in the parotid or submandibular regions;
• Follow-up of previously diagnosed salivary gland conditions.

Preparing for a Salivary Glands Ultrasound

Salivary glands ultrasound does not require any specific preparation. However, to help the exam run more smoothly, it is recommended to:

• Remove accessories from the neck or facial area that may interfere with the exam (e.g. necklaces);
• Bring previous exams, such as ultrasounds, laboratory tests or medical reports, if available;
• Bring the exam referral, when applicable.

Where to have it done?

A salivary glands ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

It is frequently used as an initial exam in prostate assessment, particularly in patients with urinary symptoms, and also allows evaluation of the bladder and post-void residual urine.

What is a Suprapubic Prostate Ultrasound and what is it for?

A suprapubic prostate ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to obtain images of the prostate through the abdominal region (above the pubic bone), without the need to insert probes into the body.

This exam is used to:

• Assess prostate size and volume;
• Identify structural prostate changes;
• Evaluate the urinary bladder and post-void residual urine;
• Support the diagnosis and follow-up of prostate conditions, particularly benign prostatic hyperplasia.

How much does a Suprapubic Prostate Ultrasound cost?

The price of a suprapubic prostate ultrasound is €60 on a private basis. X-Clinic also has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €7), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, among others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, among others.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a suprapubic prostate ultrasound, the protocol price is €32.

The final price may vary depending on the healthcare system or insurance used.

How is it performed?

During a suprapubic prostate ultrasound, the patient lies on an examination table in a dimly lit room to facilitate image visualisation.

The doctor applies a transparent gel to the lower abdominal region, allowing proper transmission of sound waves and smooth movement of the probe. The probe is placed on the skin above the pubic bone to obtain images of the prostate and the bladder.

The images are viewed in real time on a monitor and interpreted by an imaging specialist. The exam usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes, depending on the clinical situation.

What does it detect?

Suprapubic prostate ultrasound can detect:

• Increased prostate volume (benign prostatic hyperplasia);
• Changes in prostate shape or echogenicity;
• Prostatic calcifications;
• Bladder changes associated with urinary obstruction;
• Measurement of post-void residual urine.

In which cases is it indicated?

This exam is indicated, among other situations, in cases of:

• Urinary symptoms (weak stream, difficulty urinating, urinary urgency, nocturia);
• Suspected or known benign prostatic hyperplasia;
• Initial prostate assessment in men over 50 years of age;
• Follow-up of known prostate conditions;
• Complementary evaluation in a urological context.

Preparing for a Suprapubic Prostate Ultrasound

To obtain clearer images, this exam must be performed with a full bladder. You are advised to drink approximately 1 litre of water about 1 hour before the ultrasound and avoid urinating until the exam is completed.

Bring previous exams (ultrasounds, tests and medical reports) and the exam referral, if available, as these help the doctor compare and interpret the results.

Fasting is not required.

Where to have it done?

A suprapubic prostate ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

What is a Breast Ultrasound and what is it for?

Breast ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce real-time images of the breasts. Unlike imaging exams that use radiation, this method is considered safe and can be repeated whenever necessary.

It is used to:

• Assess palpable breast lumps or findings detected on other imaging exams;
• Differentiate solid lesions from fluid-filled cysts;
• Complement mammography, especially in dense breasts;
• Guide procedures such as ultrasound-guided breast biopsies;
• Monitor previously known breast changes.

It is frequently recommended for younger women and pregnant patients, as well as in cases of breast pain, inflammation or nipple discharge.

How much does a Breast Ultrasound cost?

The price of a breast ultrasound is €30 on a private basis. X-Clinic also has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €8), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, among others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, among others.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a breast ultrasound, the protocol price is €24.

The final price may vary depending on the healthcare system or insurance used.

How is it performed?

Breast ultrasound is performed with the patient lying on an examination table, in a dimly lit room to facilitate image interpretation.

The doctor applies a transparent gel to the skin of the breast, which improves sound wave transmission and allows the probe to glide smoothly. The probe is then carefully moved over the breast and, when necessary, over the axillary region to assess the lymph nodes.

Images are obtained and viewed in real time on a monitor and interpreted by an imaging specialist. The exam usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes, depending on the complexity of the case.

What does it detect?

Breast ultrasound allows the identification of:

• Simple or complex cysts;
• Benign or suspicious solid nodules;
• Inflammatory or infectious changes;
• Thickening of the breast ducts;
• Abnormal axillary lymph nodes.

It is an essential exam for characterising breast findings and guiding the need for further investigations.

In which cases is it indicated?

Breast ultrasound is indicated in situations such as:

• Palpable breast lumps;
• Persistent breast pain;
• Changes in breast shape or consistency;
• Nipple discharge;
• Complementary assessment to mammography;
• Follow-up of known breast lesions;
• Breast assessment in young women, pregnant patients or breastfeeding women.

Preparing for a Breast Ultrasound

This exam does not require any specific preparation.

It is recommended to wear comfortable clothing that is easy to remove on the upper body and to avoid applying creams or lotions to the breast area on the day of the exam, as these may interfere with image quality.

Whenever possible, bring previous exams (ultrasounds, mammograms and medical reports) and the exam referral, if available, to facilitate comparison and clinical interpretation.

Where to have it done?

A breast ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

What is a Transvaginal Gynaecological Ultrasound and what is it for?

A transvaginal gynaecological ultrasound (also known as endovaginal ultrasound) uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) to produce real-time images of the female pelvic organs through the insertion of a probe into the vaginal canal.

Because it provides a closer view of pelvic structures, this exam is particularly useful for:

• Assessing the uterus, including the myometrium and cervix;
• Evaluating the endometrium (thickness, appearance and possible abnormalities);
• Visualising the ovaries and identifying ovarian cysts;
• Detecting adjacent pelvic changes, when visible.

How much does a Transvaginal Gynaecological Ultrasound cost?

The price of a transvaginal gynaecological ultrasound is €65 on a private basis. However, X-Clinic has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €8), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, and others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, and other health plans.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a transvaginal (endocavitary) gynecological ultrasound, the protocol price is €48.

The final price varies depending on the healthcare system or insurance you choose.

How is it performed?

During a transvaginal gynaecological ultrasound, the patient lies on an examination table in a dimly lit room to facilitate image assessment.

The doctor uses a transvaginal (endocavitary) probe, which is properly covered and lubricated, and gently inserts it into the vagina to obtain detailed images of the uterus, ovaries and endometrium.

The images are viewed in real time on a monitor and interpreted by an imaging specialist. The exam usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes.

What does it detect?

Transvaginal gynaecological ultrasound may help identify and assess:

• Uterine fibroids;
• Endometrial polyps;
• Ovarian cysts;
• Endometrial abnormalities (such as thickening);
• Findings compatible with certain forms of endometriosis (depending on location and visibility);
• Structural abnormalities of the uterus and ovaries;
• Other relevant pelvic findings, when visible.

In which cases is it indicated?

This exam is commonly requested in situations such as:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding;
• Pelvic pain;
• Menstrual irregularities;
• Suspected pathology of the uterus, endometrium or ovaries;
• Assessment and follow-up of cysts and fibroids;
• Infertility investigation and ovulation monitoring, when applicable.

Preparing for a Transvaginal Gynaecological Ultrasound

For this exam, the following recommendations apply:

• Empty bladder (ideally urinate before the exam);
• No fasting is required;
• You may take your usual medication.

Whenever possible, bring previous exams (ultrasounds, laboratory tests and/or medical reports) as well as the exam referral.

Where to have it done?

A transvaginal gynaecological ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

What is a Suprapubic Pelvic Ultrasound and what is it for?

A suprapubic pelvic ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) to produce real-time images of the organs located in the pelvis.

This exam allows detailed assessment of:

• The uterus and endometrium;
• The ovaries;
• The fallopian tubes (when visible);
• The urinary bladder;
• Adjacent pelvic structures.

It is widely used to evaluate gynaecological, urological or pelvic symptoms, as well as for clinical follow-up and the detection of structural abnormalities.

How much does a Suprapubic Pelvic Ultrasound cost?

The price of a suprapubic pelvic ultrasound is €50 on a private basis. However, X-Clinic has agreements with:

• ADSE (the patient only pays a co-payment of €7), ADM GNR, SAD PSP;
• Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, SS CGD, SAMS Quadros, SAMS, Montepio, RNA, Generali, Mudum, MGEN, Aegon, Vitória, Una Seguros, and others;
• Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, and other health plans.
• Protocols: X-Clinic has agreements with several clinics and institutions that allow you to have the exam done at very competitive rates. In the case of a suprapubic pelvic ultrasound, the protocol price is €32.

The final price varies depending on the healthcare system or insurance you choose.

How is it performed?

During a suprapubic pelvic ultrasound, the probe is placed on the suprapubic region, in the lower abdomen. A full bladder is required to allow better visualisation of the pelvic organs.

After applying a transparent gel to the skin, the doctor gently moves the probe, adjusting the angle and pressure to assess the uterus, ovaries (when visible) and bladder.

The images are analysed in real time by an imaging specialist. The exam is painless, non-invasive and usually lasts between 15 and 30 minutes.

What does it detect?

Suprapubic pelvic ultrasound allows the identification and evaluation of several conditions, including:

• Uterine fibroids;
• Ovarian cysts;
• Endometrial abnormalities;
• Uterine malformations;
• Ovarian enlargement;
• Bladder abnormalities;
• The presence of pelvic masses or abnormal fluid.

It is also useful for monitoring previously diagnosed conditions and assessing response to treatment.

In which cases is it indicated?

This exam is commonly requested in the following situations:

• Pelvic pain;
• Menstrual cycle changes;
• Abnormal uterine bleeding;
• Suspected fibroids or ovarian cysts;
• Routine gynaecological assessment;
• Urinary symptoms related to the bladder;
• Clinical follow-up of pelvic conditions.

Preparing for a Suprapubic Pelvic Ultrasound

For this exam, it is important to have a full bladder, as this improves image quality and facilitates visualisation of the pelvic organs.

You are advised to drink approximately 1 litre of water about 1 hour before the exam and avoid urinating until it is completed.

Whenever possible, bring previous exams (ultrasounds, laboratory tests and/or medical reports) as well as the exam referral.

Where to have it done?

A suprapubic pelvic ultrasound can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº 26 – mezzanine floor, 1070-110 Lisbon) or at NRD (Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, ground floor, 1070-060 Lisbon – near Praça de Espanha).

What is a Prostate Biopsy and what is it for?

A prostate biopsy is a medical procedure that involves removing small fragments of tissue from the prostate gland, usually with the help of a needle guided by ultrasound.

The collected samples are analyzed in a pathology laboratory to identify cellular changes, such as inflammation, benign hyperplasia, or malignant cells.

The exam is essential to:

• Confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer;

• Assess the aggressiveness and extent of the disease;

• Clarify abnormalities seen on imaging exams or elevated PSA levels;

• Support decision-making regarding the most appropriate treatment.

What is the price of a Prostate Biopsy?

The price of a prostate biopsy at X-Clinic is €300, except when special protocols are applied.

How is it performed?

In most cases, the biopsy is performed by introducing an ultrasound probe into the rectum (transrectal/endocavitary approach). Under ultrasound guidance, the doctor inserts a fine needle that collects small fragments of prostate tissue, which are then sent for analysis.

In some cases, the biopsy can be performed through the skin between the scrotum and the anus (transperineal approach), particularly in patients at higher risk of infection.

There are two main types of prostate biopsy:

• Ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: the traditional method, in which the needle is guided solely by ultrasound imaging. It is quick, accessible, and allows for systematic sampling of the prostate.

• MRI-fusion prostate biopsy: a more advanced technique in which previously acquired MRI images of the prostate are integrated with real-time ultrasound. This allows the doctor to guide the needle with greater precision toward suspicious areas, increasing the detection rate of clinically significant lesions and reducing unnecessary sampling.

The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia. It may cause some discomfort, but it is not painful.

The exam typically lasts 15 to 30 minutes and is performed on an outpatient basis, without the need for hospitalization.

After the biopsy, the patient can return home the same day.

What does it detect?

The prostate biopsy accurately identifies cellular changes, including:

• Presence of malignant cells (prostate cancer);

• Tumor aggressiveness (Gleason/ISUP classification);

• Benign lesions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostatitis.

It is the only test that definitively confirms the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

When is it indicated?

A prostate biopsy may be recommended by a urologist in situations such as:

• Elevated or progressively increasing PSA levels;

• Suspicious findings on prostate ultrasound or MRI;

• Presence of nodules or hardened areas detected during a digital rectal exam;

• Active surveillance in patients with already diagnosed prostate cancer, to monitor disease progression.

Preparation for a Prostate Biopsy

Before the exam, the doctor may recommend:

• Temporarily discontinuing certain anticoagulant medications (only if advised by the physician);

• Taking preventive antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection (only if prescribed);

• Performing a rectal cleansing (micro-enema), if the biopsy is to be performed via the transrectal route.

You should always bring previous exams (PSA, ultrasounds, MRIs, or medical reports) and the medical prescription for the biopsy.

Colposcopy is a visual examination of the vagina and cervix, essential for detecting cervical cancer and other cervical lesions.

This procedure allows for a biopsy, meaning a small tissue sample is taken from the area where lesions have been detected. The sample is then sent to a laboratory to determine if there are any cellular abnormalities and whether treatment is necessary.

The instrument used in colposcopy is called a colposcope, which provides illumination and magnifies the image between 10 to 40 times, allowing for detailed observation of the vulva, vagina, and cervix and enabling targeted biopsies.

How is it Performed?

This is a medical procedure that should only be performed by a specialist doctor. The examination is painless, causing no pain—only mild, temporary discomfort. It takes approximately 10 to 20 minutes to complete. Besides examining the cervix, it is also important to assess the vagina and vulva using the colposcope.

During the procedure, a vaginal speculum is inserted to separate the vaginal walls. The colposcope remains about 30 centimeters away from the vagina and does not come into contact with the patient. Various magnification lenses and color filters are used to assess the examined area. The doctor will apply an iodine-based solution to the cervix and vagina to identify abnormal areas. Therefore, it is important to check for any iodine allergies beforehand.

If suspicious areas are identified, one or more biopsies may be necessary for further examination. During the biopsy, a very small tissue sample is collected and sent to the laboratory for analysis.

Preparation for Colposcopy

Before undergoing a colposcopy, women should follow these precautions:

• If there is vaginal discharge or inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis), these should be treated before the examination, as they may cause additional discomfort and affect the results.
• At least 48 hours before the exam, avoid sexual intercourse, vaginal medications, the application of topical creams, or vaginal douching.
• Ideally, the exam should not be scheduled during menstruation. The use of a vaginal ring or an intrauterine device (IUD) does not prevent the procedure. As gynecologist Alexia Toller explains, “The vaginal ring does not interfere with the procedure and can be removed during the examination. As for the IUD, the exam can be performed without any interference.”

Risks and Recovery Care

Acetic acid and Lugol’s solution may cause irritation and discomfort. If a biopsy is performed, it is important to avoid sexual intercourse, the application of medications or creams, and vaginal douching for 48 to 72 hours.

Contraindications for Colposcopy

• Colposcopy should not be performed if there is an infection or inflammation (cervicitis), as the results of the examination may be affected.
• The application of Lugol’s solution is contraindicated in women with an iodine allergy.
• Curettage of the vaginal canal cannot be performed during pregnancy.
• If the patient is taking anticoagulant medication, a biopsy should only be performed in a controlled environment (a facility with transfusion capabilities) due to the high risk of significant bleeding.

When is Colposcopy Recommended?

Colposcopy should be performed whenever abnormalities are detected in a cytology test, a simpler examination that involves collecting cells from the outer surface of the cervix and the endocervical canal using a specific instrument (spatula or brush). These cells are then spread onto a glass slide, fixed, or placed in a liquid medium and sent to a laboratory for analysis.

As a magnified examination of the cervix and lower genital tract, colposcopy allows for the identification of dysplastic or neoplastic lesions and helps determine their location, size, and extent. Additionally, it enables biopsy collection and assists in selecting the most appropriate treatment.

Colposcopy is recommended whenever cytology results indicate abnormalities, when visible or palpable cervical lesions are present, in cases of post-coital bleeding (bleeding during intercourse), unexplained vaginal discharge, unexplained bleeding, a history of cervical, vaginal, or vulvar cancer, and for post-treatment monitoring.

Price of Colposcopy

Request the price here.

Where to do it?

Colposcopy can be performed at X-Clinic (Av. Eng. Duarte Pacheco, nº26 – Intermediate Floor, 1070-110 Lisbon).